Systematics and refinement of the Neptune ephemeris: Leveraging Gaia FPR and 42-year stellar occultation astrometry with an independent Triton orbit update

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Table A.2

Summary of stellar occultation astrometry of Neptune and Triton based on Gaia DR3 catalog.

Target	Date	Gaia DR3 Source ID	RUWE	RA	$σ_{α}^{}$ $\sigma _\alpha ^$	∆α^*	Dec.	σ_δ	∆δ	^χ
	[UTC]			(α) [h m s]	[mas]	[mas]	(δ)[º ′ ″]	[mas]	[mas]
Neptune	1981-05-24 02:49:33.980	4117616899485117312	1.6	17 35 26.8617693	7.2	−4.3	−21 57 22.972918	10.8	−0.9	0.6
	1983-06-15 14:43:57.740	4070462483494105600	0.8	17 52 13.2458575	2.5	−0.8	−22 09 40.612915	9.8	−11.8	1.2
	1984-04-18 11:13:57.960	4069780893676407296	4.5	18 06 48.9133290	4.1	+5.4	−22 13 44.652223	17.9	+15.5	1.6
	1985-07-30 09:48:43.900	4069683896141284992	1.0	18 06 37.2337823	3.1	+2.5	−22 16 55.065178	29.2	+0.7	0.8
	1985-08-10 08:12:49.800	4069697777475767168	0.9	18 05 44.7802623	10.7	+2.6	−22 17 25.717182	8.9	−3.8	0.5
	1985-08-20 06:03:43.100	4069692554795647488	0.9	18 05 08.3381948	1.3	+0.4	−22 17 53.928457	5.0	+4.5	0.9
	1986-04-23 13:14:29.140	4090141954922445696	0.8	18 25 38.1214641	10.0	+6.2	−22 12 41.072046	8.7	+2.0	0.7
	1986-07-27 09:02:24.120	4090521806211224192	0.9	18 16 32.7447339	3.7	−2.7	−22 17 14.748371	14.5	−9.5	1.0
	1987-05-23 09:18:04.260	4078006615132357376	0.8	18 33 16.1133961	15.8	+12.4	−22 10 04.137445	9.9	+8.6	1.2
	1987-06-22 03:10:50.160	4090045305343847936	0.8	18 30 08.4745110	11.5	−1.9	−22 12 20.232729	9.6	−7.7	0.8
	1987-07-09 08:50:27.020	4089965105350798592	0.9	18 28 08.4023965	5.0	−1.0	−22 13 55.276379	9.4	−4.5	0.5
	1988-07-09 09:45:11.400	4079458206598524032	0.8	18 37 42.1013666	5.8	−2.3	−22 09 47.155318	9.5	−0.6	0.4
	1988-08-02 05:40:04.140	4079489306541802752	0.8	18 35 10.2568780	8.5	−9.7	−22 12 31.027098	83.6	+68.1	1.4
	1988-08-25 09:31:12.560	4078005103303512448	0.9	18 33 25.6365637	3.8	−0.6	−22 14 42.929018	12.1	−0.4	0.2
	1989-07-08 00:01:07.940	4078935496224558336	0.8	18 47 31.8689762	2.2	+3.2	−22 03 12.732997	11.9	−0.1	1.4
	1990-07-11 04:49:35.900	4081764745789998592	1.1	18 56 48.8590884	9.2	+7.0	−21 55 13.554336	71.3	−91.7	1.5
	2008-07-23 07:47:39.040	6841793464129032960	1.0	21 43 06.9512834	5.8	−7.2	−14 03 56.307778	11.5	−0.7	1.2

Triton	1997-07-18 10:14:20.440	6866247122425234560	0.9	20 02 51.2906717	5.7	−5.1	−20 00 57.105588	6.0	−2.2	1.0
	2017-10-05 23:51:48.180	2610107911326516992	0.9	22 54 18.4324898	5.0	−3.4	−08 00 08.129667	5.0	+1.0	0.7
	2022-10-06 14:39:36.460	2639239368824994944	6.2	23 36 52.4485591	5.1	+6.2	−03 50 09.606080	5.1	+4.3	1.5

Notes. RUWE is the Renormalized Unit Weight Error given by Gaia catalogs, with values < 1.4 indicate reliable single-star solutions and high values indicate potentially problematic astrometry; RA and Dec. are the occultation-derived, geocentric ICRF-referenced right ascension (α) and declination (δ) at the date; $σ_{α}^{*}$ $\sigma _\alpha ^*$ and σ_δ are Gaia formal uncertainties in α (multiplied by cos δ) and δ respectively; ∆α^* and ∆δ are the residuals between observed and post-fitted coordinates in α (multiplied by cos δ) and δ, respectively; and χ is the combined normalized residual, ${[{(Δ α^{*} / σ_{α}^{*})}^{2} + {(Δ δ / σ_{δ})}^{2}]}^{1 / 2}$ ${\left[ {{{\left( {\Delta {\alpha ^*}/\sigma _\alpha ^*} \right)}^2} + {{\left( {\Delta \delta /{\sigma _\delta }} \right)}^2}} \right]^{1/2}}$ .

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