Schematic representation of convective penetration into the tachocline, the thin interface layer between convective (upper part) and radiative (lower part) envelopes in Sun-like stars. The temperature gradient is sub-adiabatic in the tachocline and radiative envelope, but approaches super adiabaticity immediately above the tachocline where the convection starts. The green arrows represent the convective cells, which create the overshoot area in the upper half of the tachocline through penetration, while the red arrows represent the radiative transport of energy by photons. The influence of small-scale turbulent motions on the large-scale dynamics of magnetic field expressed by the α effect operates in the overshoot layer and causes the coupling of Rossby and dynamo waves. The image is not to scale.