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Fig. B.1

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Dispersion relation calculation illustration, showing (a) distribution function of an electron beam–plasma system, (b) dispersion relation, and (c) damping rate. The black curves show the slow space charge wave (SSCW), the red curves show the fast space charge wave (FSCW) for large values of k and that connects to the forward travelling Langmuir wave for small k. The blue curves show the backward travelling Langmuir wave.

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