Table 1
Summary of the constant and parameter values in the thermophysical and dynamical models.
| Constant/Parameter | Symbol | Value | Unit |
|---|---|---|---|
| Solar electromagnetic radiation flux density at 1 AU | F | 1362 | W m−2 |
| Stefan-Boltzmann constant | σ | 5.67 × 10−8 | Wm−2 K−4 |
| Boltzmann constant | kB | 1.38 × 10−23 | J K−1 |
| Gravitational constant | G | 6.67 × 10−11 | m3 kg−1 s−2 |
| Mass of the Sun | M⊙ | 1.99 × 1030 | kg |
| Speed of light | c | 299792458 | m s−1 |
| Radius of main-belt comet 313Pa | R | 900 | m |
| Albedo of the cometary nucleusb | A | 0.04 | – |
| Blackbody emissivity of the cometary nucleusc | ɛ | 0.90 | – |
| Thermal conductivity of the cometary nucleusd | κd | 1.20 × 10−3 | Wm−1 K−1 |
| Mass of water molecule | mg | 2.99 × 10−26 | kg |
| Specific heat capacity of the cometary nucleusd | c | 500 | J kg−1 K−1 |
| Bulk density of the cometary nucleuse | ρnucleus | 1300 | kg m−3 |
| Bulk density of dust particlesf | ρdust | 2500 | kg m−3 |
| Temperatures of the gasg | Tgas | 200 | K |
| The magnitude of the gas velocityg | vgas | 500 | m s−1 |
| Radiation pressure coefficient | Cpr | 1.191 × 103 | kg m−2 |
| Scattering efficiency for radiation pressureh | Qpr | 1.0 | – |
Notes. (a) Hsieh et al. (2023) reported the radius of nucleus of 0.9 ± 0.2 km. Within this range, we adopted a radius of 900 m. (b) The albedo of the nucleus is taken as 0.04 from Pozuelos et al. (2015). (c) We take ɛ=0.9, consistent with the value used by Jewitt et al. (2015b). (d) As the thermal conductivity and specific heat capacity of 313P remain unknown, they are assumed to be identical to those of 133P (Yu et al. 2020). (e) Given the similarity of the main-belt comets to C-type asteroids, the density of the nucleus is assumed to be the same as that of C-type asteroids, which is 1300 kg m−3 (Carry 2012; Hsieh et al. 2025). (f) The density of dust particles is assumed to be the same as that of CI/CM chondrites, which is 2500 kg m−3 (Britt et al. 2002; Hsieh et al. 2025). (g) Tgas=200 K and vgas=500 m/s are assumed in this paper. (h) Qpr depends on the material and radius of the dust particles. In our simulation, it is assumed to be 1.0.
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