Multi-band infrared imaging reveals dusty spiral arcs around the binary B[e] star 3 Puppis

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Table 1

List of selected stellar parameters and circumstellar environment properties of the 3 Puppis system from the literature.

Parameter	Value	Ref.
Distance d_GeDR2 (pc)	$631_{- 106}^{+ 159}$ $631^{+159}_{-106}$	1
Distance d_PGeDR3 (pc)	$1024_{- 121}^{+ 231}$ $1024^{+231}_{-121}$	7
Luminosity log(L_*/L_⊙)	4.1 ± 0.1	2
Relative flux F	F_* = 34, F_gas = 11	3
(% K-band total flux^**)	F_dust = 35, F_bkd = 20	3

Supergiant star

Spectral type	A2.7Ib	2
Radius R^* (R_⊙)	54±7	2
Radius R^* (mas)	0.40 ± 0.07	1,2
Temperature T_eff,* (K)	8500 ± 500	2
Mass M_* (M_⊙)	8.8 ± 0.5	2

Companion star

Radius R_c (R_⊙)	~0.3	2
Temperature T_eff,c (K)	~50000	2
Mass M_c (M_⊙)	0.75 ± 0.25	2
Orbital period P_orb (days)	137.52 ± 0.04	6
Separation a (au)	1.11 ± 0.03	2
Separation a (mas)	1.76 ± 0.05	1,2

Gaseous circumstellar envelope

Extension D_gas (mas)	~1.39	3
Extension D_gas (au)	${0.877}_{- 0.147}^{+ 0.221}$ $0.877^{+0.221}_{-0.147}$	1,3
Mass M_gas (M_⊙)	-4 × 10⁻⁷	4

Dusty circumstellar disc

Inner rim radius R_rim (mas)	5.7 ± 1.2	4, 3
Inner rim radius R_rim (au)	${3.6}_{- 0.9}^{+ 1.1}$ $3.6^{+1.1}_{-0.9}$	1,4
Mass M_dust (M_⊙)	~3.5 × 10⁻⁷	4
Dust temperature T_rim (K)	~1250 (SiO)	4
Major-axis angle PA (°)	15±10	4
Inclination angle i (°)	60 ± 10	4
Elongation ratio e (...)	1.3 ± 0.1	4
Polarisation angle θ_pol (°)	95 ± 5	5

Notes. (1) derived from Gaia DR2 parallax (Brown et al. 2018); (2) Miroshnichenko et al. (2020); (3) Millour et al. (2011); (4) Meilland et al. (2010); (5) Yudin & Evans (1998); (6) Vaidman et al. (2025); (7) from the Bailer-Jones et al. (2021) catalogue; ^**F_tot,K = 69 Jy from Cruzalèbes et al. (2019) catalogue.

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