Effective temperature vs. instellation, analogous to Fig. 6, but for the simulated Kepler field. The distribution of the exoplanets observed by Kepler is shown as black dots, while the distribution of ‘detectable’ exoplanets in the Kepler simulation is shown in black density contours. The background distribution shows the distribution of planets after applying magnitude cuts described in Sect. 4.1. The number of detectable exoplanets in the simulated Kepler field is indicated on the lower left part of each panel.