Timeline of reionisation: Volume-averaged mean hydrogen neutral fraction as a function of redshift. Our new constraints are plotted as red pentagons and error bars, light red error bars include the additional uncertainty due to IGM cosmic variance (Figure 14). The filled red pentagon is the lower limit we obtain excluding GNz11 from our sample. We also plot, as grey points, constraints on ${\overline{x}}_{\mathrm{H}\mathrm{I}}$ inferred from observations using inhomogeneous reionisation simulations: pre-JWST measurements of the evolution of the Lyα equivalent width distribution in Lyman-break galaxies (EW, Mason et al. 2018b, 2019; Whitler et al. 2020; Bolan et al. 2022; Tang et al. 2024c; Kageura et al. 2025), the clustering of Lyα emitters (Sobacchi & Mesinger 2015), and quasar damping wings (Davies et al. 2018; Wang et al. 2020; Greig et al. 2019, 2024b); and model-independent constraints from the Lyα forest dark pixel fraction (Jin et al. 2023).