Two-dimensional completeness surface (heat map) showing mean recovery rate as function of cluster radius (R) and extinction (A_V; left-right panel default and tuned configuration). For the default configuration, completeness decreases toward smaller radii and higher extinctions, and it becomes extreme at R=80, where it drops to 0. In contrast, for tuned settings, completeness gradually increases toward larger radii and lower extinction. The plot also shows the parameter space where the pipeline remains reliable.