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Table 4

Error estimation using coefficient of determination (R2) values for PLATO target test planets.

Predicted quantity DNN WASP-121 b* HATS-42 b* NGTS-17 b* WASP-23 b* NGTS-1 b*
Temperature 0.9979 0.9975 0.9950 0.9967 0.9912
Vertical wind 0.7536 0.2036 0.0686 –0.2430 –6.9838
Zonal wind 0.9894 0.9525 0.8694 0.9331 0.8598
Meridional wind 0.9217 0.8113 0.7734 0.9542 0.4140

Predicted quantity XGBoost WASP-121 b* HATS-42 b* NGTS-17 b* WASP-23 b* NGTS-1 b*

Temperature 0.9716 0.9934 0.9570 0.9248 0.7059
Vertical wind 0.0769 0.0384 0.0560 0.1222 0.0383
Zonal wind 0.8122 0.8195 0.5517 0.8997 0.5996
Meridional wind 0.4960 0.6371 0.5835 0.7080 0.3329

Notes. R2 (Sect. 3.3) of DNN and XGBoost model predictions compared to the ExoRad GCM values for the five target planets, for each prediction quantity. All R2 of the temperature prediction of the DNN are above 0.99, while the wind predictions, especially for the vertical wind, show worse results. The XGBoost predictions follow the same trend but are a bit worse.

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