Top row: Median fraction of galaxies with at least one substructure detected with the intrinsic approach as a function of their host galaxy’s stellar mass and SFR in four redshift bins, each spanning roughly 1 Gyr of cosmic time. Bottom row: Same for clumps. Violet corresponds to 0% and red to 100% for substructures (70% for clumps). In each panel, the dashed line isolates the region where no substructure is detected (see Eq. (4)). Galaxies above the blue line are located in the starburst region, those in the hatched region are on the MS from Schreiber et al. (2015) evaluated at the average redshift of each panel, and those below the red line are in the red sequence with sSFR < 10⁻¹¹ yr⁻¹. We do not show bins with fewer than ten galaxies.