The bulk metal content of WASP-80 b from joint interior-atmosphere retrievals - Breaking degeneracies and exploring biases with panchromatic spectra

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Volume 706 (February 2026)

A&A, 706 (2026) A263

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Table 4

Mean and uncertainties of retrieved compositional parameters in the interior-only retrievals.

Observables, d_bulk	CMF	log(M/H)	Z_env	Z_planet	\|log(M/H)_{mean PDF} - log(M/H)_obs\|
R1: {M_pl, R_pl}	${0.08}_{- 0.05}^{+ 0.07}$ $0.08_{ - 0.05}^{ + 0.07}$	$- {0.61}_{- 0.94}^{+ 0.91}$ $- 0.61_{ - 0.94}^{ + 0.91}$	${0.01}_{- 0.01}^{+ 0.03}$ $0.01_{ - 0.01}^{ + 0.03}$	${0.10}_{- 0.05}^{+ 0.07}$ $0.10_{ - 0.05}^{ + 0.07}$	–
R2: {M_pl, R_pl, Age}	0.12±0.06	$- {0.47}_{- 1.04}^{+ 1.01}$ $- 0.47_{ - 1.04}^{ + 1.01}$	${0.01}_{- 0.01}^{+ 0.06}$ $0.01_{ - 0.01}^{ + 0.06}$	0.15±0.05	–
R3: {M_pl, R_pl, log(M/H)^a}	${0.09}_{- 0.05}^{+ 0.07}$ $0.09_{ - 0.05}^{ + 0.07}$	$- {0.31}_{- 0.36}^{+ 0.37}$ $- 0.31_{ - 0.36}^{ + 0.37}$	${0.01}_{- 0.00}^{+ 0.01}$ $0.01_{ - 0.00}^{ + 0.01}$	${0.10}_{- 0.05}^{+ 0.07}$ $0.10_{ - 0.05}^{ + 0.07}$	0.025 σ
R4: {M_pl, R_pl, log(M/H)^b}	${0.06}_{- 0.05}^{+ 0.16}$ $0.06_{ - 0.05}^{ + 0.16}$	${0.92}_{- 0.27}^{+ 0.30}$ $0.92_{ - 0.27}^{ + 0.30}$	${0.11}_{- 0.03}^{+ 0.11}$ $0.11_{ - 0.03}^{ + 0.11}$	${0.17}_{- 0.05}^{+ 0.25}$ $0.17_{ - 0.05}^{ + 0.25}$	1.70 σ
R5: {M_pl, R_pl, Age, log(M/H)^a}	0.14±0.05	$- {0.29}_{- 0.37}^{+ 0.39}$ $- 0.29_{ - 0.37}^{ + 0.39}$	${0.01}_{- 0.00}^{+ 0.01}$ $0.01_{ - 0.00}^{ + 0.01}$	0.16±0.05	0.05 σ
R6: {M_pl, R_pl, Age, log(M/H)^b}	${0.06}_{- 0.04}^{+ 0.06}$ $0.06_{ - 0.04}^{ + 0.06}$	${0.90}_{- 0.23}^{+ 0.14}$ $0.90_{ - 0.23}^{ + 0.14}$	${0.11}_{- 0.02}^{+ 0.03}$ $0.11_{ - 0.02}^{ + 0.03}$	0.16±0.04	1.72 σ

Notes. CMF, Z_env and Z_planet are non-observable parameters, while log(M/H) is an observable parameter we fit for in R3-R6. The metric |log(M/H)_{mean PDF} - log(M/H)_obs| quantifies how the mean of the posterior distribution function of the retrieved log(M/H) differs from the mean observational value. ^a We adopted the atmospheric metallicity value from our transmission-only equilibrium chemistry retrieval (sub-solar), $\log {(M/H)}_{meanPDF} = - {0.32}_{- 0.36}^{+ 0.41}$ $\log {\left( {{\rm{M/H}}} \right)_{{\rm{mean PDF}}}} = - 0.32_{ - 0.36}^{ + 0.41}$ . ^b We assumed an atmospheric metallicity value from our transmission-only free chemistry retrieval of (super-solar) $\log (M/H) = - {1.60}_{- 0.43}^{+ 0.41}$ $\log \left( {{\rm{M/H}}} \right) = - 1.60_{ - 0.43}^{ + 0.41}$ .

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