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Fig. 7.

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Same as Fig. 6, but here we distinguish between galaxies with stellar masses below 109 M and above 1010 M. The numbers indicated in each panel correspond to the sample sizes used to generate the histograms. Values in parentheses denote the KS test pKS values. The results suggest that low-mass galaxies exhibit a more uniform distribution of BH–galaxy misalignment angles (characterized by pKS > 0.05). Note that only good cases are shown, assuming a uniform perturbation of the BH spin of 30°, with no morphological distinction between spheroidal and disk galaxies.

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