Stellar mass functions (SMFs) and quiescent fractions. Left: SMFs for the star-forming (light blue) and quiescent (red) members of the Vine, fitted with a Schechter function. The black dots and line show the CEERS SFG field sample, and the orange dots and line show the CEERS QG sample. The vertical lines mark the stellar mass completeness limit of the field (black) and Cosmic Vine members (blue). Right: quiescent fractions of Cosmic Vine members (red) and the rest of the CEERS field (black). Blue dots with error bars represent the quiescent fractions from the JWST/PRIMER fields at z ∼ 3.45 (Yang et al. 2025).