Summary of the timing analysis for MAXI J1957+032 from the XMM-Newton/PN observation. Top: 0.5–10.0 keV background-subtracted count rate versus time for each time interval adopted to estimate a significant pulse profile. Middle: Fractional amplitude of the fundamental harmonic in each H-test-selected segment. 1σ errors are from the photon bootstrap. Bottom: Pulse-phase residuals relative to the best-fitting coherent timing model (Table 1). The dashed grey line marks zero residual. Time is measured from T₀ = 60805.40289977 MJD (TDB), and the horizontal axis along the top shows the corresponding orbital phase over the observation.