Total diffuse neutrino flux at Earth (solid) from confined (dashed lines) and diffused protons (dotted lines). Panel a: Different positioning of ℒ_*, with γ₁ = 0.5. Panel b: Different slope, with the positioning of the break fixed at ℒ_* = 10⁴⁴ erg/s. Panel c: Different choices of ℒ_low, with ℒ_* = 10⁴⁴ erg/s and γ₁ = 0.5. γ₂ = 2.5 in all the cases. Measurements (black dots) and upper limits (black line and arrows) obtained by the Ice Cube Observatory Aartsen et al. (2013), Kopper (2017), Abbasi et al. (2025) are shown for comparison.