Micro-TDE volumetric rates of BHs as a function of redshift (Eq. (4)). Solid lines show the median rates, while shaded bands indicate the 68% credible intervals obtained by sampling the posterior distributions of the production efficiency (Eq. (3)) and the fraction of star formation occurring in clusters (see Sect. 3.6). The red solid line corresponds to the total rate, while coloured lines represent the contributions from different formation channels: singles (orange, dash-dot-dot), binaries (magenta, dashed), multiples (blue, dash-dot), and SN-kicks (green, dotted), as detailed in Sect. 3.1.