Butterfly diagrams of the axisymmetric radial magnetic field component, ⟨B_r⟩_ϕ, together with the dipolarity. The term Ω_st corresponds to the rotation time and follows the uniform rotation of a meridional plane. (a) Stable dipole for g ∝ 1/r², Ra = 5 × 10⁶, ξ = 0.35, Ro_sh = 0.005. (b) Equatorially propagating dipolar waves for the same parameters, except for Ro_sh = 0.02. (c) Aperiodic dynamos for g ∝ 1/r², Ra = 5 × 10⁵, ξ = 0.1, Ro_sh = 0.015. (d) Steady quadrupolar dynamos for g ∝ r, Ra = 1.6 × 10⁷, ξ = 0.2, Ro_sh = 0.3. The magnetic field was normalized with (ρ_oμ₀λ_iΩ_s^1/2), where ρ_o is the density at the outer boundary, λ_i is magnetic diffusivity at the inner boundary, and μ₀ is the free space permeability.