Example of a 1.3 mm continuum image from the ASHES survey (Morii et al. 2023), overlaid with the NN graph (orange lines). The background colour scale and contours show the ALMA 12 m plus 7 m continuum emission, with contour levels at 3 × 2ⁿσ (n = 0, 1, 2, . . .), where σ = 9.5 × 10⁻⁵ Jy beam⁻¹ is the rms noise level. Detected core positions are marked by orange circles, and the scale bar in the lower left corresponds to 0.1 pc at the assumed distance 5.5 kpc.