Press Release
Open Access

Table 2

Solar twin catalogs adopted for comparison (incomplete manual compilation).

Paper Spectrograph Typical error # samples Available?
Teff (K) log g [M/H] Ntotala Ntwin b Age Abundancesc
This work Gaia DR3 GSP-Spec 51 0.05 0.03 6594 6594 Yes Yes
Lehmann et al. (2025)d GALAH DR3 38 0.03 0.02 72288 14571 Yes
Walsen et al. (2024)d GALAH DR3 4 0.01 0.00 38320 13132 e Yes
Rampalli et al. (2024)d Gaia DR3 RVS 61 0.09 0.04 17412 5347 Yes Yes
Sun et al. (2025a) MIKE 22 0.05 0.01 25 13 Yes Yes
Carlos et al. (2025) HARPS 0.02 0.01 50 10 Yes Yes
Martos et al. (2025) HARPS 10 0.02 0.01 99 61 Yes
Carvalho-Silva et al. (2025) HARPS 7 0.02 0.01 126 7 Yes
Sun et al. (2025b) MIKE 20 0.05 0.01 17 7 Yes Yes
Plotnikova et al. (2024) HARPS 9 0.03 0.01 130 48 Yes Yes
Shejeelammal et al. (2024) HARPS 5 0.02 0.01 233 83 Yes Yes
Rathsam et al. (2023) HARPS 6 0.02 0.01 74 17 Yes
Martos et al. (2023) HARPS 4 0.01 0.00 118 62 Yes
Lehmann et al. (2023)d HERMES 77 0.06 0.04 877 99 Yes
Spina et al. (2021) HARPS 10 0.03 0.01 60 10 Yes Yes
Yana Galarza et al. (2021) Goodman/ARCES/2dcoude 11 0.03 0.01 129 58 Yes
Nissen et al. (2020) HARPS 9 0.02 0.01 72 27 Yes Yes
Liu et al. (2020) HIRES 14 0.03 0.01 83 7 Yes Yes
Casali et al. (2020) HARPS 8 0.02 0.01 560 223 Yes Yes
Delgado Mena et al. (2019) HARPS 1059 93 Yes
Lorenzo-Oliveira et al. (2018) HARPS 4 0.01 0.00 82 64 Yes
Adibekyan et al. (2018) HARPS/UVES/FEROS 26 0.04 0.02 54 17 Yes Yes
Bedell et al. (2018) HARPS 79 64 f Yes
Spina et al. (2018) HARPS 4 0.01 0.00 79 64 Yes Yes
Delgado Mena et al. (2017) HARPS 28 0.04 0.02 1059 93 Yes
Reddy & Lambert (2017) HARPS 24 22 Yes Yes
Beck et al. (2017) HERMES 70 0.15 0.04 18 3 Yes
López-Valdivia et al. (2017) CanHiS 59 0.27 0.08 38 5 Yes
Spina et al. (2016a) UVES 3 0.01 0.00 9 9 Yes Yes
Nissen (2016) HARPS 6 0.01 0.01 21 18 Yes Yes
Adibekyan et al. (2016) HARPS/UVES 22 0.03 0.02 39 9 Yes Yes
Tucci Maia et al. (2016) MIKE 6 0.02 0.01 88 75 Yes Yes
Mahdi et al. (2016) ELODIE 10 0.02 0.01 56 40 Yes Yes
Spina et al. (2016b) HIRES 10 0.03 0.01 14 14 Yes Yes
Nissen (2015) HARPS 6 0.01 0.01 21 18 Yes Yes
Datson et al. (2015) FEROS 40 0.07 0.03 148 77
Gonzalez (2015) Sandiford 50 0.07 0.04 31 6 Yes
Ramírez et al. (2014) MIKE 6 0.02 0.01 88 75 Yes
López-Valdivia et al. (2014) B&C 50 0.25 0.06 233 34
Gonzalez (2014) Sandiford/2dcoude 40 0.06 0.03 37 13 Yes Yes
Porto de Mello et al. (2014) OPD/FEROS 55 29 Yes
Tsantaki et al. (2013) HARPS 23 0.06 0.02 451 38 Yes
Adibekyan et al. (2012) HARPS 1111 93 Yes
da Silva et al. (2012) CTIO 25 7 Yes Yes
Sousa et al. (2011) HARPS 35 0.05 0.02 582 49
González Hernández et al. (2010) HARPS/UVES/UES 31 0.04 0.02 11 1 Yes
Ghezzi et al. (2010) FEROS 38 0.13 0.03 262 22 Yes
Baumann et al. (2010) 2dcoude/HARPS 39 0.06 0.03 117 65 Yes
Gonzalez et al. (2010) 2dcoude 33 0.05 0.02 159 18 Yes Yes
Ramírez et al. (2009) 2dcoude 0.02 64 37 Yes
Neves et al. (2009) HARPS 451 44 Yes
Pasquini et al. (2008) FLAMES 60 59 36g
Sousa et al. (2008) HARPS 24 0.04 0.02 451 44
Meléndez & Ramírez (2007) 2dcoude 36 0.04 0.02 4 4 Yes
Takeda et al. (2007) HIDES 118 55 Yes
Meléndez et al. (2006) HIRES 30 0.03 0.03 2 2 Yes Yes
Laws et al. (2003) 2dcoude/CTIO 44 0.07 0.03 31 3 Yes
Gonzalez et al. (2001) 2dcoude/CTIO 39 0.07 0.03 22 1 Yes Yes

Notes. (a)Total number of targets analyzed. (b)Number of targets satisfying our solar twin criteria (Teff, log g, and [M/H] within ±200 K, ±0.2, and ±0.1 dex around the solar values, respectively). (c)We did not mark studies that provide abundances for only a very limited set of elements (e.g., Li only) as having abundances available. (d)Using a data-driven method for determining stellar parameters. (e)Walsen et al. (2024) adopted ages from GALAH DR3 (Sharma et al. 2018; Buder et al. 2021). (f)Bedell et al. (2018) adopted ages determined by Spina et al. (2018). (g)We only considered Teff in calculating Ntwin for Pasquini et al. (2008) because they did not determine [Fe/H] and log g of their M67 stars.

Current usage metrics show cumulative count of Article Views (full-text article views including HTML views, PDF and ePub downloads, according to the available data) and Abstracts Views on Vision4Press platform.

Data correspond to usage on the plateform after 2015. The current usage metrics is available 48-96 hours after online publication and is updated daily on week days.

Initial download of the metrics may take a while.