The GAPS Programme at the TNG - LXXII. TOI-5734b: A hot sub-Neptune orbiting a relatively young K dwarf with an Earth-like density

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Volume 708 (April 2026)

A&A, 708 (2026) A90

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Table A.2

Nested sampling priors and posteriors (median and the 16^th and 84^th percentiles) of the GP hyperparameters and the other system parameters used in the analysis of TOI-5734b.

Parameter	Unit	Adopted Priors	Posterior
Other system parameters
RV offset	m/s	𝒰(−8850, −8750)	$- {8809.1}_{- 0.7}^{+ 0.7}$ $Mathematical equation: $\[-8809.1_{-0.7}^{+0.7}\]$$
RV jitter	m/s	𝒥(0.30, 10)	${2.5}_{- 1.1}^{+ 0.9}$ $Mathematical equation: $\[2.5_{-1.1}^{+0.9}\]$$
RV GP_dSHO σ	m/s	𝒰(5, 25)	${12.6}_{- 1.8}^{+ 2.6}$ $Mathematical equation: $\[12.6_{-1.8}^{+2.6}\]$$
RV GP_dSHO Q₀		𝒥(2, 100)	$28_{- 15}^{+ 25}$ $Mathematical equation: $\[28_{-15}^{+25}\]$$
RV GP_dSHO dQ		𝒥(0.1, 50)	${2.8}_{- 2.5}^{+ 16.0}$ $Mathematical equation: $\[2.8_{-2.5}^{+16.0}\]$$
RV GP_dSHO f		𝒰(0.00, 1.00)	${0.36}_{- 0.17}^{+ 0.27}$ $Mathematical equation: $\[0.36_{-0.17}^{+0.27}\]$$
Photometry off.TESS–S20	[×10⁶] ppm	𝒰(−0.005, 0.005)	$- {0.0013}_{- 0.0011}^{+ 0.0011}$ $Mathematical equation: $\[-0.0013_{-0.0011}^{+0.0011}\]$$
Photometry off.TESS–S47	[×10⁶] ppm	𝒰(−0.005, 0.005)	${0.0013}_{- 0.0011}^{+ 0.0011}$ $Mathematical equation: $\[0.0013_{-0.0011}^{+0.0011}\]$$
Photometry off.TESS–S60	[×10⁶] ppm	𝒰(−0.005, 0.005)	$- {0.0009}_{- 0.0011}^{+ 0.0011}$ $Mathematical equation: $\[-0.0009_{-0.0011}^{+0.0011}\]$$
Photometry jit.TESS–S20	[×10⁶] ppm	𝒰(0.000, 0.001)	${0.0001884}_{- 0.0000058}^{+ 0.0000060}$ $Mathematical equation: $\[0.0001884_{-0.0000058}^{+0.0000060}\]$$
Photometry jit.TESS–S47	[×10⁶] ppm	𝒰(0.000, 0.001)	${0.0002142}_{- 0.0000046}^{+ 0.0000045}$ $Mathematical equation: $\[0.0002142_{-0.0000046}^{+0.0000045}\]$$
Photometry jit.TESS–S60	[×10⁶] ppm	𝒰(0.000, 0.001)	${0.0003850}_{- 0.0000049}^{+ 0.0000050}$ $Mathematical equation: $\[0.0003850_{-0.0000049}^{+0.0000050}\]$$
Photometry GP_dSHO σ	[×10⁶] ppm	𝒰(0.00001, 0.01500)	${0.0053}_{- 0.0008}^{+ 0.0011}$ $Mathematical equation: $\[0.0053_{-0.0008}^{+0.0011}\]$$
Photometry & RV GP_dSHO P_rot	days	𝒩(11.12, 1.5)	${11.09}_{- 0.08}^{+ 0.07}$ $Mathematical equation: $\[11.09_{-0.08}^{+0.07}\]$$
Photometry GP_dSHO Q₀		𝒥(0.002, 10)	${0.0021}_{- 0.0001}^{+ 0.0002}$ $Mathematical equation: $\[0.0021_{-0.0001}^{+0.0002}\]$$
Photometry GP_dSHO dQ		𝒥(0.002, 200)	${2.6}_{- 0.9}^{+ 1.5}$ $Mathematical equation: $\[2.6_{-0.9}^{+1.5}\]$$
Photometry GP_dSHO f		𝒰(0.00, 1.00)	${0.00077}_{- 0.00025}^{+ 0.00033}$ $Mathematical equation: $\[0.00077_{-0.00025}^{+0.00033}\]$$
Limb darkening u₁ (TESS)		𝒩(0.48, 0.10)	${0.579}_{- 0.074}^{+ 0.075}$ $Mathematical equation: $\[0.579_{-0.074}^{+0.075}\]$$
Limb darkening u₂ (TESS)		𝒩(0.17, 0.10)	${0.210}_{- 0.080}^{+ 0.090}$ $Mathematical equation: $\[0.210_{-0.080}^{+0.090}\]$$

Notes: photometric and RV data share only the GP_dSHO P_rot hyperparameter, which is estimated from the light curves. Orbital parameters and the main derived planetary parameters are reported in Table 2.

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