Comparison between the observed distance modulus from PPS compilation (purple points with error bars) within the redshift range 0.001 < z < 2.26 and theoretical predictions. The solid red and green line corresponds to the ΛCDM and ΛCDM + Ω_K models, respectively. While the dashed, dash-dotted, and dotted lines represent different cases of the ΛvCDM and ΛvCDM + Ω_K models. The parameters constrained by the Base 2 + CC + R22 dataset.