A cationic carrier for the diffuse interstellar band at 862.1 nm: Evidence of the skin effect in nearby diffuse to translucent clouds

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Volume 708 (April 2026)

A&A, 708 (2026) A181

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Table B.1

Fitting results of PLM with n_p = 1–4 for each target cloud.

Name	n_p	C	α₁	α₂	α₃	α₄	k₁	k₂	k₃
Ophiuchus	1	${2.16}_{- 0.01}^{+ 0.01}$ $Mathematical equation: $2.16_{-0.01}^{+0.01}$$	${−0.80}_{- 0.01}^{+ 0.01}$ $Mathematical equation: $-0.80_{-0.01}^{+0.01}$$
	2	${2.21}_{- 0.01}^{+ 0.01}$ $Mathematical equation: $2.21_{-0.01}^{+0.01}$$	${−0.49}_{- 0.02}^{+ 0.02}$ $Mathematical equation: $-0.49_{-0.02}^{+0.02}$$	${−0.90}_{- 0.05}^{+ 0.05}$ $Mathematical equation: $-0.90_{-0.05}^{+0.05}$$			${−0.07}_{- 0.01}^{+ 0.01}$ $Mathematical equation: $-0.07_{-0.01}^{+0.01}$$
	3	${2.00}_{- 0.01}^{+ 0.01}$ $Mathematical equation: $2.00_{-0.01}^{+0.01}$$	${−1.45}_{- 0.02}^{+ 0.02}$ $Mathematical equation: $-1.45_{-0.02}^{+0.02}$$	${13.47}_{- 0.17}^{+ 0.08}$ $Mathematical equation: $13.47_{-0.17}^{+0.08}$$	${−1.19}_{- 0.23}^{+ 0.23}$ $Mathematical equation: $-1.19_{-0.23}^{+0.23}$$		${−0.02}_{- 0.01}^{+ 0.01}$ $Mathematical equation: $-0.02_{-0.01}^{+0.01}$$	${−0.00}_{- 0.01}^{+ 0.01}$ $Mathematical equation: $-0.00_{-0.01}^{+0.01}$$
	4	${2.17}_{- 0.01}^{+ 0.01}$ $Mathematical equation: $2.17_{-0.01}^{+0.01}$$	${−0.64}_{- 0.01}^{+ 0.01}$ $Mathematical equation: $-0.64_{-0.01}^{+0.01}$$	${−14.83}_{- 0.24}^{+ 0.50}$ $Mathematical equation: $-14.83_{-0.24}^{+0.50}$$	${−0.14}_{- 0.72}^{+ 0.73}$ $Mathematical equation: $-0.14_{-0.72}^{+0.73}$$	${−2.99}_{- 1.10}^{+ 1.10}$ $Mathematical equation: $-2.99_{-1.10}^{+1.10}$$	${0.20}_{- 0.01}^{+ 0.01}$ $Mathematical equation: $0.20_{-0.01}^{+0.01}$$	${0.21}_{- 0.01}^{+ 0.01}$ $Mathematical equation: $0.21_{-0.01}^{+0.01}$$	${0.42}_{- 0.01}^{+ 0.01}$ $Mathematical equation: $0.42_{-0.01}^{+0.01}$$

Chamaeleon	1	${2.03}_{- 0.01}^{+ 0.01}$ $Mathematical equation: $2.03_{-0.01}^{+0.01}$$	${−0.99}_{- 0.02}^{+ 0.02}$ $Mathematical equation: $-0.99_{-0.02}^{+0.02}$$
	2	${2.18}_{- 0.02}^{+ 0.02}$ $Mathematical equation: $2.18_{-0.02}^{+0.02}$$	${−0.57}_{- 0.06}^{+ 0.05}$ $Mathematical equation: $-0.57_{-0.06}^{+0.05}$$	${−1.13}_{- 0.12}^{+ 0.12}$ $Mathematical equation: $-1.13_{-0.12}^{+0.12}$$			${−0.31}_{- 0.01}^{+ 0.01}$ $Mathematical equation: $-0.31_{-0.01}^{+0.01}$$
	3	${2.08}_{- 0.01}^{+ 0.01}$ $Mathematical equation: $2.08_{-0.01}^{+0.01}$$	${−0.81}_{- 0.03}^{+ 0.03}$ $Mathematical equation: $-0.81_{-0.03}^{+0.03}$$	${−2.04}_{- 0.16}^{+ 0.15}$ $Mathematical equation: $-2.04_{-0.16}^{+0.15}$$	${12.49}_{- 0.84}^{+ 0.49}$ $Mathematical equation: $12.49_{-0.84}^{+0.49}$$		${−0.11}_{- 0.02}^{+ 0.01}$ $Mathematical equation: $-0.11_{-0.02}^{+0.01}$$	${0.19}_{- 0.01}^{+ 0.01}$ $Mathematical equation: $0.19_{-0.01}^{+0.01}$$
	4	${2.00}_{- 0.01}^{+ 0.01}$ $Mathematical equation: $2.00_{-0.01}^{+0.01}$$	${−0.97}_{- 0.02}^{+ 0.02}$ $Mathematical equation: $-0.97_{-0.02}^{+0.02}$$	${12.14}_{- 0.92}^{+ 0.51}$ $Mathematical equation: $12.14_{-0.92}^{+0.51}$$	${−2.21}_{- 1.40}^{+ 1.43}$ $Mathematical equation: $-2.21_{-1.40}^{+1.43}$$	${12.36}_{- 2.07}^{+ 1.75}$ $Mathematical equation: $12.36_{-2.07}^{+1.75}$$	${−0.21}_{- 0.01}^{+ 0.01}$ $Mathematical equation: $-0.21_{-0.01}^{+0.01}$$	${−0.20}_{- 0.01}^{+ 0.01}$ $Mathematical equation: $-0.20_{-0.01}^{+0.01}$$	${0.18}_{- 0.01}^{+ 0.01}$ $Mathematical equation: $0.18_{-0.01}^{+0.01}$$

Taurus	1	${2.10}_{- 0.01}^{+ 0.01}$ $Mathematical equation: $2.10_{-0.01}^{+0.01}$$	${−1.13}_{- 0.02}^{+ 0.02}$ $Mathematical equation: $-1.13_{-0.02}^{+0.02}$$
	2	${2.14}_{- 0.01}^{+ 0.01}$ $Mathematical equation: $2.14_{-0.01}^{+0.01}$$	${−0.59}_{- 0.06}^{+ 0.06}$ $Mathematical equation: $-0.59_{-0.06}^{+0.06}$$	${−1.30}_{- 0.13}^{+ 0.13}$ $Mathematical equation: $-1.30_{-0.13}^{+0.13}$$			${−0.01}_{- 0.01}^{+ 0.01}$ $Mathematical equation: $-0.01_{-0.01}^{+0.01}$$
	3	${2.00}_{- 0.01}^{+ 0.01}$ $Mathematical equation: $2.00_{-0.01}^{+0.01}$$	${−1.29}_{- 0.05}^{+ 0.05}$ $Mathematical equation: $-1.29_{-0.05}^{+0.05}$$	${12.48}_{- 1.94}^{+ 0.86}$ $Mathematical equation: $12.48_{-1.94}^{+0.86}$$	${−1.44}_{- 2.76}^{+ 2.73}$ $Mathematical equation: $-1.44_{-2.76}^{+2.73}$$		${−0.03}_{- 0.01}^{+ 0.01}$ $Mathematical equation: $-0.03_{-0.01}^{+0.01}$$	${−0.02}_{- 0.01}^{+ 0.01}$ $Mathematical equation: $-0.02_{-0.01}^{+0.01}$$
	4	${2.15}_{- 0.01}^{+ 0.01}$ $Mathematical equation: $2.15_{-0.01}^{+0.01}$$	${−0.45}_{- 0.05}^{+ 0.05}$ $Mathematical equation: $-0.45_{-0.05}^{+0.05}$$	${−2.55}_{- 0.23}^{+ 0.24}$ $Mathematical equation: $-2.55_{-0.23}^{+0.24}$$	${12.22}_{- 0.60}^{+ 0.41}$ $Mathematical equation: $12.22_{-0.60}^{+0.41}$$	${−2.10}_{- 0.96}^{+ 0.85}$ $Mathematical equation: $-2.10_{-0.96}^{+0.85}$$	${0.04}_{- 0.01}^{+ 0.01}$ $Mathematical equation: $0.04_{-0.01}^{+0.01}$$	${0.23}_{- 0.01}^{+ 0.01}$ $Mathematical equation: $0.23_{-0.01}^{+0.01}$$	${0.26}_{- 0.01}^{+ 0.01}$ $Mathematical equation: $0.26_{-0.01}^{+0.01}$$

Hercules	1	${2.03}_{- 0.01}^{+ 0.01}$ $Mathematical equation: $2.03_{-0.01}^{+0.01}$$	${−1.06}_{- 0.05}^{+ 0.05}$ $Mathematical equation: $-1.06_{-0.05}^{+0.05}$$
	2	${4.32}_{- 0.41}^{+ 0.24}$ $Mathematical equation: $4.32_{-0.41}^{+0.24}$$	${4.27}_{- 0.91}^{+ 0.54}$ $Mathematical equation: $4.27_{-0.91}^{+0.54}$$	${−1.24}_{- 1.45}^{+ 1.43}$ $Mathematical equation: $-1.24_{-1.45}^{+1.43}$$			${−0.42}_{- 0.01}^{+ 0.01}$ $Mathematical equation: $-0.42_{-0.01}^{+0.01}$$
	3	${2.00}_{- 0.01}^{+ 0.01}$ $Mathematical equation: $2.00_{-0.01}^{+0.01}$$	${−1.08}_{- 0.03}^{+ 0.03}$ $Mathematical equation: $-1.08_{-0.03}^{+0.03}$$	${7.06}_{- 1.51}^{+ 1.56}$ $Mathematical equation: $7.06_{-1.51}^{+1.56}$$	${−6.72}_{- 2.39}^{+ 3.11}$ $Mathematical equation: $-6.72_{-2.39}^{+3.11}$$		${−0.13}_{- 0.01}^{+ 0.01}$ $Mathematical equation: $-0.13_{-0.01}^{+0.01}$$	${−0.09}_{- 0.01}^{+ 0.01}$ $Mathematical equation: $-0.09_{-0.01}^{+0.01}$$
	4	${4.23}_{- 0.46}^{+ 0.29}$ $Mathematical equation: $4.23_{-0.46}^{+0.29}$$	${4.10}_{- 1.01}^{+ 0.65}$ $Mathematical equation: $4.10_{-1.01}^{+0.65}$$	${−1.85}_{- 1.67}^{+ 1.65}$ $Mathematical equation: $-1.85_{-1.67}^{+1.65}$$	${6.85}_{- 3.23}^{+ 3.23}$ $Mathematical equation: $6.85_{-3.23}^{+3.23}$$	${−6.60}_{- 4.31}^{+ 4.81}$ $Mathematical equation: $-6.60_{-4.31}^{+4.81}$$	${−0.40}_{- 0.01}^{+ 0.01}$ $Mathematical equation: $-0.40_{-0.01}^{+0.01}$$	${−0.15}_{- 0.01}^{+ 0.01}$ $Mathematical equation: $-0.15_{-0.01}^{+0.01}$$	${−0.09}_{- 0.01}^{+ 0.01}$ $Mathematical equation: $-0.09_{-0.01}^{+0.01}$$

Perseus	1	${2.12}_{- 0.01}^{+ 0.01}$ $Mathematical equation: $2.12_{-0.01}^{+0.01}$$	${−0.87}_{- 0.01}^{+ 0.01}$ $Mathematical equation: $-0.87_{-0.01}^{+0.01}$$
	2	${2.11}_{- 0.01}^{+ 0.01}$ $Mathematical equation: $2.11_{-0.01}^{+0.01}$$	${−0.98}_{- 0.03}^{+ 0.02}$ $Mathematical equation: $-0.98_{-0.03}^{+0.02}$$	${−0.27}_{- 0.15}^{+ 0.15}$ $Mathematical equation: $-0.27_{-0.15}^{+0.15}$$			${0.26}_{- 0.02}^{+ 0.02}$ $Mathematical equation: $0.26_{-0.02}^{+0.02}$$
	3	${2.18}_{- 0.01}^{+ 0.01}$ $Mathematical equation: $2.18_{-0.01}^{+0.01}$$	${−0.53}_{- 0.04}^{+ 0.04}$ $Mathematical equation: $-0.53_{-0.04}^{+0.04}$$	${−2.40}_{- 0.25}^{+ 0.23}$ $Mathematical equation: $-2.40_{-0.25}^{+0.23}$$	${−0.06}_{- 0.46}^{+ 0.45}$ $Mathematical equation: $-0.06_{-0.46}^{+0.45}$$		${0.03}_{- 0.01}^{+ 0.01}$ $Mathematical equation: $0.03_{-0.01}^{+0.01}$$	${0.16}_{- 0.01}^{+ 0.01}$ $Mathematical equation: $0.16_{-0.01}^{+0.01}$$
	4	${2.18}_{- 0.01}^{+ 0.01}$ $Mathematical equation: $2.18_{-0.01}^{+0.01}$$	${−0.54}_{- 0.04}^{+ 0.04}$ $Mathematical equation: $-0.54_{-0.04}^{+0.04}$$	${−2.06}_{- 0.18}^{+ 0.15}$ $Mathematical equation: $-2.06_{-0.18}^{+0.15}$$	${0.51}_{- 0.40}^{+ 0.38}$ $Mathematical equation: $0.51_{-0.40}^{+0.38}$$	${−3.61}_{- 6.78}^{+ 3.22}$ $Mathematical equation: $-3.61_{-6.78}^{+3.22}$$	${0.02}_{- 0.01}^{+ 0.01}$ $Mathematical equation: $0.02_{-0.01}^{+0.01}$$	${0.21}_{- 0.01}^{+ 0.01}$ $Mathematical equation: $0.21_{-0.01}^{+0.01}$$	${0.46}_{- 0.06}^{+ 0.02}$ $Mathematical equation: $0.46_{-0.06}^{+0.02}$$

Orion B	1	${2.20}_{- 0.01}^{+ 0.01}$ $Mathematical equation: $2.20_{-0.01}^{+0.01}$$	${−0.71}_{- 0.01}^{+ 0.01}$ $Mathematical equation: $-0.71_{-0.01}^{+0.01}$$
	2	${2.23}_{- 0.01}^{+ 0.02}$ $Mathematical equation: $2.23_{-0.01}^{+0.02}$$	${−0.23}_{- 0.05}^{+ 0.11}$ $Mathematical equation: $-0.23_{-0.05}^{+0.11}$$	${−0.95}_{- 0.12}^{+ 0.17}$ $Mathematical equation: $-0.95_{-0.12}^{+0.17}$$			${0.03}_{- 0.04}^{+ 0.01}$ $Mathematical equation: $0.03_{-0.04}^{+0.01}$$
	3	${2.26}_{- 0.01}^{+ 0.01}$ $Mathematical equation: $2.26_{-0.01}^{+0.01}$$	${−0.01}_{- 0.05}^{+ 0.04}$ $Mathematical equation: $-0.01_{-0.05}^{+0.04}$$	${−14.33}_{- 0.54}^{+ 1.04}$ $Mathematical equation: $-14.33_{-0.54}^{+1.04}$$	${−0.62}_{- 1.51}^{+ 1.51}$ $Mathematical equation: $-0.62_{-1.51}^{+1.51}$$		${0.07}_{- 0.01}^{+ 0.01}$ $Mathematical equation: $0.07_{-0.01}^{+0.01}$$	${0.08}_{- 0.01}^{+ 0.01}$ $Mathematical equation: $0.08_{-0.01}^{+0.01}$$
	4	${2.17}_{- 0.01}^{+ 0.01}$ $Mathematical equation: $2.17_{-0.01}^{+0.01}$$	${−0.78}_{- 0.01}^{+ 0.01}$ $Mathematical equation: $-0.78_{-0.01}^{+0.01}$$	${7.25}_{- 0.01}^{+ 0.01}$ $Mathematical equation: $7.25_{-0.01}^{+0.01}$$	${−7.74}_{- 0.01}^{+ 0.01}$ $Mathematical equation: $-7.74_{-0.01}^{+0.01}$$	${−0.87}_{- 0.01}^{+ 0.01}$ $Mathematical equation: $-0.87_{-0.01}^{+0.01}$$	${0.12}_{- 0.01}^{+ 0.01}$ $Mathematical equation: $0.12_{-0.01}^{+0.01}$$	${0.16}_{- 0.01}^{+ 0.01}$ $Mathematical equation: $0.16_{-0.01}^{+0.01}$$	${0.20}_{- 0.01}^{+ 0.01}$ $Mathematical equation: $0.20_{-0.01}^{+0.01}$$

Orion A	1	${2.07}_{- 0.01}^{+ 0.01}$ $Mathematical equation: $2.07_{-0.01}^{+0.01}$$	${−0.74}_{- 0.02}^{+ 0.02}$ $Mathematical equation: $-0.74_{-0.02}^{+0.02}$$
	2	${3.78}_{- 1.72}^{+ 0.53}$ $Mathematical equation: $3.78_{-1.72}^{+0.53}$$	${3.23}_{- 4.04}^{+ 1.10}$ $Mathematical equation: $3.23_{-4.04}^{+1.10}$$	${−0.77}_{- 5.16}^{+ 5.29}$ $Mathematical equation: $-0.77_{-5.16}^{+5.29}$$			${−0.43}_{- 0.01}^{+ 0.37}$ $Mathematical equation: $-0.43_{-0.01}^{+0.37}$$
	3	${4.20}_{- 0.39}^{+ 0.29}$ $Mathematical equation: $4.20_{-0.39}^{+0.29}$$	${4.14}_{- 0.90}^{+ 0.61}$ $Mathematical equation: $4.14_{-0.90}^{+0.61}$$	${−3.77}_{- 2.46}^{+ 1.93}$ $Mathematical equation: $-3.77_{-2.46}^{+1.93}$$	${−0.55}_{- 3.57}^{+ 3.18}$ $Mathematical equation: $-0.55_{-3.57}^{+3.18}$$		${−0.39}_{- 0.01}^{+ 0.01}$ $Mathematical equation: $-0.39_{-0.01}^{+0.01}$$	${−0.30}_{- 0.03}^{+ 0.03}$ $Mathematical equation: $-0.30_{-0.03}^{+0.03}$$
	4	${2.07}_{- 0.02}^{+ 0.01}$ $Mathematical equation: $2.07_{-0.02}^{+0.01}$$	${−0.78}_{- 0.13}^{+ 0.05}$ $Mathematical equation: $-0.78_{-0.13}^{+0.05}$$	${0.81}_{- 1.28}^{+ 4.03}$ $Mathematical equation: $0.81_{-1.28}^{+4.03}$$	${−7.72}_{- 5.25}^{+ 8.65}$ $Mathematical equation: $-7.72_{-5.25}^{+8.65}$$	${−13.09}_{- 11.65}^{+ 19.67}$ $Mathematical equation: $-13.09_{-11.65}^{+19.67}$$	${0.32}_{- 0.28}^{+ 0.04}$ $Mathematical equation: $0.32_{-0.28}^{+0.04}$$	${0.40}_{- 0.02}^{+ 0.01}$ $Mathematical equation: $0.40_{-0.02}^{+0.01}$$	${0.42}_{- 0.01}^{+ 0.01}$ $Mathematical equation: $0.42_{-0.01}^{+0.01}$$

California	1	${2.18}_{- 0.01}^{+ 0.01}$ $Mathematical equation: $2.18_{-0.01}^{+0.01}$$	${−0.68}_{- 0.01}^{+ 0.01}$ $Mathematical equation: $-0.68_{-0.01}^{+0.01}$$
	2	${2.18}_{- 0.01}^{+ 0.01}$ $Mathematical equation: $2.18_{-0.01}^{+0.01}$$	${−0.46}_{- 0.02}^{+ 0.02}$ $Mathematical equation: $-0.46_{-0.02}^{+0.02}$$	${−0.87}_{- 0.05}^{+ 0.05}$ $Mathematical equation: $-0.87_{-0.05}^{+0.05}$$			${0.14}_{- 0.01}^{+ 0.01}$ $Mathematical equation: $0.14_{-0.01}^{+0.01}$$
	3	${2.03}_{- 0.01}^{+ 0.01}$ $Mathematical equation: $2.03_{-0.01}^{+0.01}$$	${−1.49}_{- 0.06}^{+ 0.06}$ $Mathematical equation: $-1.49_{-0.06}^{+0.06}$$	${13.36}_{- 0.28}^{+ 0.17}$ $Mathematical equation: $13.36_{-0.28}^{+0.17}$$	${−1.03}_{- 0.41}^{+ 0.40}$ $Mathematical equation: $-1.03_{-0.41}^{+0.40}$$		${0.02}_{- 0.01}^{+ 0.01}$ $Mathematical equation: $0.02_{-0.01}^{+0.01}$$	${0.04}_{- 0.01}^{+ 0.01}$ $Mathematical equation: $0.04_{-0.01}^{+0.01}$$
	4	${2.35}_{- 0.05}^{+ 0.05}$ $Mathematical equation: $2.35_{-0.05}^{+0.05}$$	${0.05}_{- 0.17}^{+ 0.21}$ $Mathematical equation: $0.05_{-0.17}^{+0.21}$$	${−3.74}_{- 0.54}^{+ 0.51}$ $Mathematical equation: $-3.74_{-0.54}^{+0.51}$$	${11.08}_{- 0.88}^{+ 0.64}$ $Mathematical equation: $11.08_{-0.88}^{+0.64}$$	${−0.88}_{- 1.24}^{+ 1.23}$ $Mathematical equation: $-0.88_{-1.24}^{+1.23}$$	${−0.15}_{- 0.01}^{+ 0.01}$ $Mathematical equation: $-0.15_{-0.01}^{+0.01}$$	${−0.05}_{- 0.01}^{+ 0.01}$ $Mathematical equation: $-0.05_{-0.01}^{+0.01}$$	${−0.02}_{- 0.01}^{+ 0.01}$ $Mathematical equation: $-0.02_{-0.01}^{+0.01}$$

Mon OB1	1	${2.23}_{- 0.01}^{+ 0.01}$ $Mathematical equation: $2.23_{-0.01}^{+0.01}$$	${−0.39}_{- 0.04}^{+ 0.03}$ $Mathematical equation: $-0.39_{-0.04}^{+0.03}$$
	2	${2.18}_{- 0.01}^{+ 0.01}$ $Mathematical equation: $2.18_{-0.01}^{+0.01}$$	${−0.86}_{- 0.05}^{+ 0.05}$ $Mathematical equation: $-0.86_{-0.05}^{+0.05}$$	${13.65}_{- 0.70}^{+ 0.40}$ $Mathematical equation: $13.65_{-0.70}^{+0.40}$$			${0.31}_{- 0.01}^{+ 0.01}$ $Mathematical equation: $0.31_{-0.01}^{+0.01}$$
	3	${2.19}_{- 0.01}^{+ 0.01}$ $Mathematical equation: $2.19_{-0.01}^{+0.01}$$	${−0.77}_{- 0.05}^{+ 0.05}$ $Mathematical equation: $-0.77_{-0.05}^{+0.05}$$	${7.54}_{- 1.44}^{+ 1.34}$ $Mathematical equation: $7.54_{-1.44}^{+1.34}$$	${−6.50}_{- 2.14}^{+ 2.47}$ $Mathematical equation: $-6.50_{-2.14}^{+2.47}$$		${0.25}_{- 0.01}^{+ 0.01}$ $Mathematical equation: $0.25_{-0.01}^{+0.01}$$	${0.29}_{- 0.01}^{+ 0.01}$ $Mathematical equation: $0.29_{-0.01}^{+0.01}$$
	4	${3.42}_{- 0.32}^{+ 0.23}$ $Mathematical equation: $3.42_{-0.32}^{+0.23}$$	${3.70}_{- 1.08}^{+ 0.81}$ $Mathematical equation: $3.70_{-1.08}^{+0.81}$$	${−0.89}_{- 1.87}^{+ 1.90}$ $Mathematical equation: $-0.89_{-1.87}^{+1.90}$$	${6.99}_{- 3.40}^{+ 3.44}$ $Mathematical equation: $6.99_{-3.40}^{+3.44}$$	${−6.95}_{- 4.20}^{+ 5.06}$ $Mathematical equation: $-6.95_{-4.20}^{+5.06}$$	${−0.26}_{- 0.01}^{+ 0.01}$ $Mathematical equation: $-0.26_{-0.01}^{+0.01}$$	${0.24}_{- 0.01}^{+ 0.01}$ $Mathematical equation: $0.24_{-0.01}^{+0.01}$$	${0.29}_{- 0.01}^{+ 0.01}$ $Mathematical equation: $0.29_{-0.01}^{+0.01}$$

Mon R2	1	${2.16}_{- 0.01}^{+ 0.01}$ $Mathematical equation: $2.16_{-0.01}^{+0.01}$$	${−0.82}_{- 0.06}^{+ 0.05}$ $Mathematical equation: $-0.82_{-0.06}^{+0.05}$$
	2	${2.16}_{- 0.01}^{+ 0.01}$ $Mathematical equation: $2.16_{-0.01}^{+0.01}$$	${−0.96}_{- 0.09}^{+ 0.09}$ $Mathematical equation: $-0.96_{-0.09}^{+0.09}$$	${0.09}_{- 0.47}^{+ 0.96}$ $Mathematical equation: $0.09_{-0.47}^{+0.96}$$			${0.25}_{- 0.05}^{+ 0.14}$ $Mathematical equation: $0.25_{-0.05}^{+0.14}$$
	3	${2.16}_{- 0.01}^{+ 0.01}$ $Mathematical equation: $2.16_{-0.01}^{+0.01}$$	${−0.92}_{- 0.10}^{+ 0.08}$ $Mathematical equation: $-0.92_{-0.10}^{+0.08}$$	${1.65}_{- 2.06}^{+ 7.60}$ $Mathematical equation: $1.65_{-2.06}^{+7.60}$$	${−0.61}_{- 9.91}^{+ 17.35}$ $Mathematical equation: $-0.61_{-9.91}^{+17.35}$$		${0.30}_{- 0.07}^{+ 0.14}$ $Mathematical equation: $0.30_{-0.07}^{+0.14}$$	${0.44}_{- 0.10}^{+ 0.02}$ $Mathematical equation: $0.44_{-0.10}^{+0.02}$$
	4	${2.16}_{- 0.01}^{+ 0.01}$ $Mathematical equation: $2.16_{-0.01}^{+0.01}$$	${−0.90}_{- 0.10}^{+ 0.11}$ $Mathematical equation: $-0.90_{-0.10}^{+0.11}$$	${−5.71}_{- 4.36}^{+ 7.57}$ $Mathematical equation: $-5.71_{-4.36}^{+7.57}$$	${3.53}_{- 17.70}^{+ 11.48}$ $Mathematical equation: $3.53_{-17.70}^{+11.48}$$	${1.46}_{- 21.69}^{+ 18.15}$ $Mathematical equation: $1.46_{-21.69}^{+18.15}$$	${0.14}_{- 0.03}^{+ 0.22}$ $Mathematical equation: $0.14_{-0.03}^{+0.22}$$	${0.17}_{- 0.03}^{+ 0.28}$ $Mathematical equation: $0.17_{-0.03}^{+0.28}$$	${0.24}_{- 0.06}^{+ 0.23}$ $Mathematical equation: $0.24_{-0.06}^{+0.23}$$

Cepheus South	1	${2.32}_{- 0.01}^{+ 0.01}$ $Mathematical equation: $2.32_{-0.01}^{+0.01}$$	${−0.80}_{- 0.04}^{+ 0.03}$ $Mathematical equation: $-0.80_{-0.04}^{+0.03}$$
	2	${2.31}_{- 0.01}^{+ 0.01}$ $Mathematical equation: $2.31_{-0.01}^{+0.01}$$	${−0.57}_{- 0.07}^{+ 0.07}$ $Mathematical equation: $-0.57_{-0.07}^{+0.07}$$	${−1.46}_{- 0.38}^{+ 0.27}$ $Mathematical equation: $-1.46_{-0.38}^{+0.27}$$			${0.22}_{- 0.04}^{+ 0.04}$ $Mathematical equation: $0.22_{-0.04}^{+0.04}$$
	3	${2.29}_{- 0.01}^{+ 0.01}$ $Mathematical equation: $2.29_{-0.01}^{+0.01}$$	${−0.91}_{- 0.12}^{+ 0.11}$ $Mathematical equation: $-0.91_{-0.12}^{+0.11}$$	${7.83}_{- 3.16}^{+ 3.89}$ $Mathematical equation: $7.83_{-3.16}^{+3.89}$$	${−1.47}_{- 6.94}^{+ 6.90}$ $Mathematical equation: $-1.47_{-6.94}^{+6.90}$$		${0.10}_{- 0.01}^{+ 0.01}$ $Mathematical equation: $0.10_{-0.01}^{+0.01}$$	${0.12}_{- 0.01}^{+ 0.01}$ $Mathematical equation: $0.12_{-0.01}^{+0.01}$$
	4	${2.29}_{- 0.01}^{+ 0.01}$ $Mathematical equation: $2.29_{-0.01}^{+0.01}$$	${−0.89}_{- 0.11}^{+ 0.12}$ $Mathematical equation: $-0.89_{-0.11}^{+0.12}$$	${8.58}_{- 3.08}^{+ 2.86}$ $Mathematical equation: $8.58_{-3.08}^{+2.86}$$	${−1.49}_{- 5.79}^{+ 5.82}$ $Mathematical equation: $-1.49_{-5.79}^{+5.82}$$	${−2.16}_{- 12.05}^{+ 9.72}$ $Mathematical equation: $-2.16_{-12.05}^{+9.72}$$	${0.10}_{- 0.01}^{+ 0.01}$ $Mathematical equation: $0.10_{-0.01}^{+0.01}$$	${0.12}_{- 0.01}^{+ 0.01}$ $Mathematical equation: $0.12_{-0.01}^{+0.01}$$	${0.45}_{- 0.05}^{+ 0.01}$ $Mathematical equation: $0.45_{-0.05}^{+0.01}$$

Canis Major	1	${2.32}_{- 0.01}^{+ 0.01}$ $Mathematical equation: $2.32_{-0.01}^{+0.01}$$	${−1.03}_{- 0.03}^{+ 0.03}$ $Mathematical equation: $-1.03_{-0.03}^{+0.03}$$
	2	${2.42}_{- 0.01}^{+ 0.01}$ $Mathematical equation: $2.42_{-0.01}^{+0.01}$$	${−0.30}_{- 0.07}^{+ 0.07}$ $Mathematical equation: $-0.30_{-0.07}^{+0.07}$$	${−1.20}_{- 0.16}^{+ 0.16}$ $Mathematical equation: $-1.20_{-0.16}^{+0.16}$$			${−0.08}_{- 0.01}^{+ 0.01}$ $Mathematical equation: $-0.08_{-0.01}^{+0.01}$$
	3	${2.43}_{- 0.01}^{+ 0.01}$ $Mathematical equation: $2.43_{-0.01}^{+0.01}$$	${−0.29}_{- 0.07}^{+ 0.07}$ $Mathematical equation: $-0.29_{-0.07}^{+0.07}$$	${−1.77}_{- 0.77}^{+ 0.50}$ $Mathematical equation: $-1.77_{-0.77}^{+0.50}$$	${−0.87}_{- 1.25}^{+ 1.24}$ $Mathematical equation: $-0.87_{-1.25}^{+1.24}$$		${−0.06}_{- 0.02}^{+ 0.02}$ $Mathematical equation: $-0.06_{-0.02}^{+0.02}$$	${0.05}_{- 0.04}^{+ 0.10}$ $Mathematical equation: $0.05_{-0.04}^{+0.10}$$
	4	${3.28}_{- 0.37}^{+ 0.53}$ $Mathematical equation: $3.28_{-0.37}^{+0.53}$$	${1.92}_{- 0.99}^{+ 1.38}$ $Mathematical equation: $1.92_{-0.99}^{+1.38}$$	${−1.05}_{- 2.37}^{+ 2.38}$ $Mathematical equation: $-1.05_{-2.37}^{+2.38}$$	${−6.37}_{- 5.55}^{+ 4.62}$ $Mathematical equation: $-6.37_{-5.55}^{+4.62}$$	${3.95}_{- 8.97}^{+ 7.61}$ $Mathematical equation: $3.95_{-8.97}^{+7.61}$$	${−0.32}_{- 0.02}^{+ 0.03}$ $Mathematical equation: $-0.32_{-0.02}^{+0.03}$$	${0.30}_{- 0.02}^{+ 0.02}$ $Mathematical equation: $0.30_{-0.02}^{+0.02}$$	${0.35}_{- 0.02}^{+ 0.02}$ $Mathematical equation: $0.35_{-0.02}^{+0.02}$$

Notes. Columns: n_p: Number of component for the PLM; C: intercept; α₁ - α₄: fitted and calculated slopes of each linear segment in PLM ( $α_{i + 1} = α_{1} + \sum_{j = 1}^{i} Δ α_{j}$ $Mathematical equation: $ \alpha_{i+1} = \alpha_1 + \sum_{j=1}^{i} \Delta \alpha_j $$ for i > 1); k₁ - k₄: fitted knot position for each PLM.

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