Observed cosmic star formation rate density evolution from Shuntov et al. (2025), blue solid line and from the GLIMPSE survey at z > 9 (Chemerynska et al. 2026, blue dotted line, after conversion to the Chabrier IMF), and predicted GC formation rate, ρ_GC, as a function of redshift (dash-dotted and green dotted lines). The dashed line shows the observed increase in the N-emitter fraction, f_N, with redshift from Morel et al. (2025), extrapolated down to z = 2 and scaled by 1/10 for convenience.