Sky-maps of the ISW signal, showing half of the sky in an orthographic projection. Three representatives correspond to simulations 401 (w = −0.34), 742 (w = −1), and 127 (w = −1.79), which highlight different dark energy EoS. These maps are colour-coded based on the ISW temperature anisotropies in μK. The quintessence model shows the most pronounced colours, indicating the strongest ISW signal, followed by the ΛCDM model, while the phantom model shows the weakest signal (see also Figure 5 for comparison).