Chemo-dynamical reconstruction of Milky Way globular cluster progenitors: Age–metallicity relations and the universality of multiple stellar populations

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Volume 709 (May 2026)

A&A, 709 (2026) A280

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Table 1

Posterior constraints on the AMR parameters for each accreted progenitor family.

Group	N_GC	L₀ [Gyr]	L_stop [Gyr]	τ [Gyr]	[Fe/H]₀	Δ[Fe/H]	[Fe/H]_stop
lowE	11	${12.66}_{- 0.94}^{+ 0.86}$ $Mathematical equation: $\[12.66_{-0.94}^{+0.86}\]$$	${7.43}_{- 3.84}^{+ 2.24}$ $Mathematical equation: $\[7.43_{-3.84}^{+2.24}\]$$	${2.12}_{- 0.76}^{+ 1.20}$ $Mathematical equation: $\[2.12_{-0.76}^{+1.20}\]$$	$- {1.85}_{- 0.18}^{+ 0.10}$ $Mathematical equation: $\[-1.85_{-0.18}^{+0.10}\]$$	${1.09}_{- 0.34}^{+ 0.41}$ $Mathematical equation: $\[1.09_{-0.34}^{+0.41}\]$$	$- {0.80}_{- 0.36}^{+ 0.43}$ $Mathematical equation: $\[-0.80_{-0.36}^{+0.43}\]$$
GSE	19	${13.49}_{- 0.28}^{+ 0.19}$ $Mathematical equation: $\[13.49_{-0.28}^{+0.19}\]$$	${7.46}_{- 3.88}^{+ 2.03}$ $Mathematical equation: $\[7.46_{-3.88}^{+2.03}\]$$	${2.06}_{- 0.68}^{+ 0.93}$ $Mathematical equation: $\[2.06_{-0.68}^{+0.93}\]$$	$- {2.09}_{- 0.10}^{+ 0.12}$ $Mathematical equation: $\[-2.09_{-0.10}^{+0.12}\]$$	${1.32}_{- 0.26}^{+ 0.30}$ $Mathematical equation: $\[1.32_{-0.26}^{+0.30}\]$$	$- {0.79}_{- 0.23}^{+ 0.28}$ $Mathematical equation: $\[-0.79_{-0.23}^{+0.28}\]$$
Seq	7	${12.71}_{- 0.76}^{+ 0.64}$ $Mathematical equation: $\[12.71_{-0.76}^{+0.64}\]$$	${7.48}_{- 3.79}^{+ 2.29}$ $Mathematical equation: $\[7.48_{-3.79}^{+2.29}\]$$	${2.12}_{- 0.76}^{+ 1.14}$ $Mathematical equation: $\[2.12_{-0.76}^{+1.14}\]$$	$- {2.02}_{- 0.13}^{+ 0.14}$ $Mathematical equation: $\[-2.02_{-0.13}^{+0.14}\]$$	${1.08}_{- 0.31}^{+ 0.38}$ $Mathematical equation: $\[1.08_{-0.31}^{+0.38}\]$$	$- {0.95}_{- 0.29}^{+ 0.40}$ $Mathematical equation: $\[-0.95_{-0.29}^{+0.40}\]$$
H99	7	${12.62}_{- 0.54}^{+ 0.55}$ $Mathematical equation: $\[12.62_{-0.54}^{+0.55}\]$$	${7.51}_{- 3.53}^{+ 2.25}$ $Mathematical equation: $\[7.51_{-3.53}^{+2.25}\]$$	${2.05}_{- 0.75}^{+ 1.08}$ $Mathematical equation: $\[2.05_{-0.75}^{+1.08}\]$$	$- {2.17}_{- 0.09}^{+ 0.09}$ $Mathematical equation: $\[-2.17_{-0.09}^{+0.09}\]$$	${1.16}_{- 0.36}^{+ 0.40}$ $Mathematical equation: $\[1.16_{-0.36}^{+0.40}\]$$	$- {1.02}_{- 0.36}^{+ 0.41}$ $Mathematical equation: $\[-1.02_{-0.36}^{+0.41}\]$$
Sgr	5	${12.76}_{- 0.69}^{+ 0.57}$ $Mathematical equation: $\[12.76_{-0.69}^{+0.57}\]$$	${6.93}_{- 3.82}^{+ 2.01}$ $Mathematical equation: $\[6.93_{-3.82}^{+2.01}\]$$	${1.97}_{- 0.69}^{+ 0.90}$ $Mathematical equation: $\[1.97_{-0.69}^{+0.90}\]$$	$- {1.98}_{- 0.15}^{+ 0.16}$ $Mathematical equation: $\[-1.98_{-0.15}^{+0.16}\]$$	${1.56}_{- 0.28}^{+ 0.33}$ $Mathematical equation: $\[1.56_{-0.28}^{+0.33}\]$$	$- {0.43}_{- 0.21}^{+ 0.29}$ $Mathematical equation: $\[-0.43_{-0.21}^{+0.29}\]$$

Notes. We report the posterior median and the 16th–84th percentile interval. L₀ and L_stop are in Gyr (look-back time), τ is in Gyr, and metallicities are in dex. Here [Fe/H]_stop ≡ [Fe/H]₀ + Δ[Fe/H].

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