sM_dust as a function of M_* (left panels) and sSFR (right panels) compared to our model predictions using chemevol. The colour-coding of data points is the same as in Fig. 4. Model estimates are colour-coded by M_{gas,  init}, with darker colours corresponding to older galaxies (with a larger galaxy age, t_gal). Apart from M_{gas,  init} and t_gal, in each row we also vary and indicate with a different symbol (i.e. circle, square, and triangle): the cold gas fraction (f_c) and the outflow reduction factor (f_out; first row), the THEMIS photofragmentation rate of a-C:H/a-C grains (k_frag; second row), both k_frag and the cloud grain growth scaling factor from THEMIS (k_{gg,  cloud}; third row), and the reference SFE (fourth row). Solid black lines correspond to the isochrones.