Open Access
Issue
A&A
Volume 705, January 2026
Article Number A148
Number of page(s) 12
Section Stellar structure and evolution
DOI https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/202556815
Published online 16 January 2026
  1. Appenzeller, I., Fricke, K., Fürtig, W., et al. 1998, Messenger, 94, 1 [Google Scholar]
  2. Arnaud, K. A. 1996, ASP Conf. Ser., 101, 17 [Google Scholar]
  3. Arumugasamy, P., Kargaltsev, O., Posselt, B., Pavlov, G. G., & Hare, J. 2018, ApJ, 869, 97 [NASA ADS] [CrossRef] [Google Scholar]
  4. Astropy Collaboration (Robitaille, T. P., et al.) 2013, A&A, 558, A33 [NASA ADS] [CrossRef] [EDP Sciences] [Google Scholar]
  5. Astropy Collaboration (Price-Whelan, A. M., et al.) 2018, AJ, 156, 123 [Google Scholar]
  6. Astropy Collaboration (Price-Whelan, A. M., et al.) 2022, ApJ, 935, 167 [NASA ADS] [CrossRef] [Google Scholar]
  7. Avakyan, A., Neumann, M., Zainab, A., et al. 2023, A&A, 675, A199 [NASA ADS] [CrossRef] [EDP Sciences] [Google Scholar]
  8. Bahramian, A., & Degenaar, N. 2023, in Handbook of X-ray and Gamma-ray Astrophysics, eds. C. Bambi, & A. Santangelo, 120 [Google Scholar]
  9. Ballet, J., Bruel, P., Burnett, T. H., Lott, B., & The Fermi-LAT collaboration 2023, arXiv e-prints [arXiv:2307.12546] [Google Scholar]
  10. Bertin, E., & Arnouts, S. 1996, A&AS, 117, 393 [NASA ADS] [CrossRef] [EDP Sciences] [Google Scholar]
  11. Bogdanov, S., & Ho, W. C. G. 2024, ApJ, 969, 53 [Google Scholar]
  12. Boller, T., Freyberg, M. J., Trümper, J., et al. 2016, A&A, 588, A103 [NASA ADS] [CrossRef] [EDP Sciences] [Google Scholar]
  13. Borghese, A., Rea, N., Coti Zelati, F., et al. 2017, MNRAS, 468, 2975 [NASA ADS] [CrossRef] [Google Scholar]
  14. Buccheri, R., Bennett, K., Bignami, G. F., et al. 1983, A&A, 128, 245 [NASA ADS] [Google Scholar]
  15. Buccheri, R., Sacco, B., & Ozel, M. E. 1987, A&A, 175, 353 [Google Scholar]
  16. Burrows, D. N., Hill, J. E., Nousek, J. A., et al. 2005, Space Sci. Rev., 120, 165 [Google Scholar]
  17. Chambers, K. C., Magnier, E. A., Metcalfe, N., et al. 2016, arXiv e-prints [arXiv:1612.05560] [Google Scholar]
  18. Cordes, J. M., & Lazio, T. J. W. 2002, arXiv e-prints [arXiv:astro-ph/0207156] [Google Scholar]
  19. Cordes, J. M., & McLaughlin, M. A. 2003, ApJ, 596, 1142 [NASA ADS] [CrossRef] [Google Scholar]
  20. Craig, M., Crawford, S., Seifert, M., et al. 2017, https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.1069648 [Google Scholar]
  21. De Grandis, D., Taverna, R., Turolla, R., et al. 2021, ApJ, 914, 118 [NASA ADS] [CrossRef] [Google Scholar]
  22. De Grandis, D., Rigoselli, M., Mereghetti, S., et al. 2022, MNRAS, 516, 4932 [NASA ADS] [CrossRef] [Google Scholar]
  23. De Luca, A. 2017, J. Phys.: Conf. Ser., 932, 012006 [Google Scholar]
  24. De Luca, A., Caraveo, P. A., Mereghetti, S., Negroni, M., & Bignami, G. F. 2005, ApJ, 623, 1051 [NASA ADS] [CrossRef] [Google Scholar]
  25. de Martino, D., Bernardini, F., Mukai, K., Falanga, M., & Masetti, N. 2020, Adv. Space Res., 66, 1209 [Google Scholar]
  26. Dessert, C., Foster, J. W., & Safdi, B. R. 2020, ApJ, 904, 42 [Google Scholar]
  27. Dey, A., Schlegel, D. J., Lang, D., et al. 2019, AJ, 157, 168 [Google Scholar]
  28. Doroshenko, V. 2024, arXiv e-prints [arXiv:2403.03127] [Google Scholar]
  29. Elshamouty, K. G., Heinke, C. O., & Chouinard, R. 2016, MNRAS, 463, 78 [Google Scholar]
  30. Evans, I. N., Evans, J. D., Martínez-Galarza, J. R., et al. 2024, ApJS, 274, 22 [NASA ADS] [CrossRef] [Google Scholar]
  31. Fornasini, F. M., Antoniou, V., & Dubus, G. 2023, arXiv e-prints [arXiv:2308.02645] [Google Scholar]
  32. Freudling, W., Romaniello, M., Bramich, D. M., et al. 2013, A&A, 559, A96 [NASA ADS] [CrossRef] [EDP Sciences] [Google Scholar]
  33. Freund, S., Czesla, S., Predehl, P., et al. 2024, A&A, 684, A121 [NASA ADS] [CrossRef] [EDP Sciences] [Google Scholar]
  34. Gierliński, M., & Done, C. 2004, MNRAS, 349, L7 [Google Scholar]
  35. Gliozzi, M., & Williams, J. K. 2020, MNRAS, 491, 532 [Google Scholar]
  36. Gregory, P. C., & Loredo, T. J. 1996, ApJ, 473, 1059 [NASA ADS] [CrossRef] [Google Scholar]
  37. Guillochon, J., Parrent, J., Kelley, L. Z., & Margutti, R. 2017, ApJ, 835, 64 [Google Scholar]
  38. Haberl, F. 2007, Ap&SS, 308, 181 [NASA ADS] [CrossRef] [Google Scholar]
  39. Haberl, F., Schwope, A. D., Hambaryan, V., Hasinger, G., & Motch, C. 2003, A&A, 403, L19 [NASA ADS] [CrossRef] [EDP Sciences] [Google Scholar]
  40. Han, J. L., Zhou, D. J., Wang, C., et al. 2025, Res. Astron. Astrophys., 25, 014001 [Google Scholar]
  41. Heinke, C. O., Zheng, J., Maccarone, T. J., et al. 2025, ApJS, 279, 57 [Google Scholar]
  42. HI4PI Collaboration (Ben Bekhti, N., et al.) 2016, A&A, 594, A116 [NASA ADS] [CrossRef] [EDP Sciences] [Google Scholar]
  43. Ho, W. C. G., Lai, D., Potekhin, A. Y., & Chabrier, G. 2003, ApJ, 599, 1293 [Google Scholar]
  44. Hotan, A. W., van Straten, W., & Manchester, R. N. 2004, PASA, 21, 302 [Google Scholar]
  45. Ishibashi, W., & Courvoisier, T. J. L. 2010, A&A, 512, A58 [NASA ADS] [CrossRef] [EDP Sciences] [Google Scholar]
  46. Jansen, F., Lumb, D., Altieri, B., et al. 2001, A&A, 365, L1 [NASA ADS] [CrossRef] [EDP Sciences] [Google Scholar]
  47. Jiang, P., Yue, Y., Gan, H., et al. 2019, Sci. China: Phys. Mech. Astron., 62, 959502 [Google Scholar]
  48. Jiang, P., Tang, N.-Y., Hou, L.-G., et al. 2020, Res. Astron. Astrophys., 20, 064 [CrossRef] [Google Scholar]
  49. Kahabka, P., & van den Heuvel, E. P. J. 1997, ARA&A, 35, 69 [NASA ADS] [CrossRef] [Google Scholar]
  50. Kaspi, V. M., & Beloborodov, A. M. 2017, ARA&A, 55, 261 [Google Scholar]
  51. Kondratiev, V. I., Burgay, M., Possenti, A., et al. 2008, AIP Conf. Ser., 983, 348 [Google Scholar]
  52. Kondratiev, V. I., McLaughlin, M. A., Lorimer, D. R., et al. 2009, ApJ, 702, 692 [NASA ADS] [CrossRef] [Google Scholar]
  53. König, O., Saxton, R. D., Kretschmar, P., et al. 2022, Astron. Comput., 38, 100529 [CrossRef] [Google Scholar]
  54. Kovlakas, K., Zezas, A., Andrews, J. J., et al. 2021, MNRAS, 506, 1896 [NASA ADS] [CrossRef] [Google Scholar]
  55. Kurpas, J., Schwope, A. D., Pires, A. M., & Haberl, F. 2024a, A&A, 687, A251 [NASA ADS] [CrossRef] [EDP Sciences] [Google Scholar]
  56. Kurpas, J., Schwope, A. D., Pires, A. M., & Haberl, F. 2024b, A&A, 683, A164 [NASA ADS] [CrossRef] [EDP Sciences] [Google Scholar]
  57. Kurpas, J., Pires, A. M., Schwope, A. D., et al. 2025, A&A, 694, A160 [NASA ADS] [CrossRef] [EDP Sciences] [Google Scholar]
  58. Lang, D., Hogg, D. W., Mierle, K., Blanton, M., & Roweis, S. 2010, AJ, 139, 1782 [Google Scholar]
  59. Lasker, B. M., Lattanzi, M. G., McLean, B. J., et al. 2008, AJ, 136, 735 [Google Scholar]
  60. Lomb, N. R. 1976, Ap&SS, 39, 447 [Google Scholar]
  61. Lorimer, D. R., & Kramer, M. 2004, Handbook of Pulsar Astronomy (Cambridge University Press), 4 [Google Scholar]
  62. Manchester, R. N. 2017, JApA, 38, 42 [NASA ADS] [Google Scholar]
  63. Manchester, R. N., Hobbs, G. B., Teoh, A., & Hobbs, M. 2005, AJ, 129, 1993 [Google Scholar]
  64. McCully, C., Crawford, S., Kovacs, G., et al. 2018, https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.1482019 [Google Scholar]
  65. Merloni, A., Lamer, G., Liu, T., et al. 2024, A&A, 682, A34 [NASA ADS] [CrossRef] [EDP Sciences] [Google Scholar]
  66. Mukai, K. 2017, PASP, 129, 062001 [Google Scholar]
  67. Nan, R., Li, D., Jin, C., et al. 2011, Int. J. Mod. Phys. D, 20, 989 [Google Scholar]
  68. Neumann, M., Avakyan, A., Doroshenko, V., & Santangelo, A. 2023, A&A, 677, A134 [NASA ADS] [CrossRef] [EDP Sciences] [Google Scholar]
  69. Ostriker, J. P., & Gunn, J. E. 1969, ApJ, 157, 1395 [Google Scholar]
  70. Özel, F., & Freire, P. 2016, ARA&A, 54, 401 [Google Scholar]
  71. Pavlov, G. G., Shibanov, Y. A., Zavlin, V. E., & Meyer, R. D. 1995, in The Lives of the Neutron Stars, eds. M. A. Alpar, U. Kiziloglu, & J. van Paradijs, NATO Advanced Study Institute (ASI) Series C, 450, 71 [NASA ADS] [CrossRef] [Google Scholar]
  72. Pfeffermann, E., Briel, U. G., Hippmann, H., et al. 1987, SPIE Conf. Ser., 733, 519 [Google Scholar]
  73. Potekhin, A. Y. 2014, Phys. Uspekhi, 57, 735 [NASA ADS] [CrossRef] [Google Scholar]
  74. Potekhin, A. Y., Zyuzin, D. A., Yakovlev, D. G., Beznogov, M. V., & Shibanov, Y. A. 2020, MNRAS, 496, 5052 [NASA ADS] [CrossRef] [Google Scholar]
  75. Predehl, P., Andritschke, R., Arefiev, V., et al. 2021, A&A, 647, A1 [EDP Sciences] [Google Scholar]
  76. Ransom, S. M., Eikenberry, S. S., & Middleditch, J. 2002, AJ, 124, 1788 [Google Scholar]
  77. Ritter, H., & Kolb, U. 2003, A&A, 404, 301 [NASA ADS] [CrossRef] [EDP Sciences] [Google Scholar]
  78. Salvato, M., Wolf, J., Dwelly, T., et al. 2026, A&A, 704, A344 [Google Scholar]
  79. Saxton, R. D., Read, A. M., Esquej, P., et al. 2008, A&A, 480, 611 [NASA ADS] [CrossRef] [EDP Sciences] [Google Scholar]
  80. Saxton, R. D., König, O., Descalzo, M., et al. 2022, Astron. Comput., 38, 100531 [NASA ADS] [CrossRef] [Google Scholar]
  81. Scargle, J. D. 1982, ApJ, 263, 835 [Google Scholar]
  82. Schwope, A., Pires, A. M., Kurpas, J., et al. 2022, A&A, 661, A41 [NASA ADS] [CrossRef] [EDP Sciences] [Google Scholar]
  83. Schwope, A. D., Knauff, K., Kurpas, J., et al. 2024, A&A, 690, A243 [NASA ADS] [CrossRef] [EDP Sciences] [Google Scholar]
  84. Shannon, R. M., Osłowski, S., Dai, S., et al. 2014, MNRAS, 443, 1463 [NASA ADS] [CrossRef] [Google Scholar]
  85. Smith, D. A., Abdollahi, S., Ajello, M., et al. 2023, ApJ, 958, 191 [NASA ADS] [CrossRef] [Google Scholar]
  86. Staubert, R., Trümper, J., Kendziorra, E., et al. 2019, A&A, 622, A61 [NASA ADS] [CrossRef] [EDP Sciences] [Google Scholar]
  87. Strüder, L., Briel, U., Dennerl, K., et al. 2001, A&A, 365, L18 [Google Scholar]
  88. Tiengo, A., Esposito, P., Mereghetti, S., et al. 2013, Nature, 500, 312 [CrossRef] [Google Scholar]
  89. Traulsen, I., Schwope, A. D., Lamer, G., et al. 2019, A&A, 624, A77 [NASA ADS] [CrossRef] [EDP Sciences] [Google Scholar]
  90. Traulsen, I., Schwope, A. D., Lamer, G., et al. 2020, A&A, 641, A137 [NASA ADS] [CrossRef] [EDP Sciences] [Google Scholar]
  91. Truemper, J. 1982, Adv. Space Res., 2, 241 [Google Scholar]
  92. Turner, M. J. L., Abbey, A., Arnaud, M., et al. 2001, A&A, 365, L27 [CrossRef] [EDP Sciences] [Google Scholar]
  93. Turolla, R. 2009, Astrophys. Space Sci. Lib., 357, 141 [NASA ADS] [CrossRef] [Google Scholar]
  94. van Dokkum, P. G. 2001, PASP, 113, 1420 [Google Scholar]
  95. van Kerkwijk, M. H., & Kaplan, D. L. 2007, Ap&SS, 308, 191 [NASA ADS] [CrossRef] [Google Scholar]
  96. Viganò, D., Rea, N., Pons, J. A., et al. 2013, MNRAS, 434, 123 [CrossRef] [Google Scholar]
  97. Webb, N. A., Coriat, M., Traulsen, I., et al. 2020, A&A, 641, A136 [NASA ADS] [CrossRef] [EDP Sciences] [Google Scholar]
  98. Wijnands, R., Degenaar, N., & Page, D. 2017, JApA, 38, 49 [Google Scholar]
  99. Wilms, J., Allen, A., & McCray, R. 2000, ApJ, 542, 914 [Google Scholar]
  100. Xu, Y.-J., Peng, H.-L., Weng, S.-S., Zhang, X., & Ge, M.-Y. 2025, ApJ, 981, 100 [Google Scholar]
  101. Yao, J. M., Manchester, R. N., & Wang, N. 2017, ApJ, 835, 29 [NASA ADS] [CrossRef] [Google Scholar]
  102. Yoneyama, T., Hayashida, K., Nakajima, H., & Matsumoto, H. 2019, PASJ, 71, 17 [NASA ADS] [CrossRef] [Google Scholar]
  103. Zavlin, V. E., & Pavlov, G. G. 2002, in Neutron Stars, Pulsars, and Supernova Remnants, eds. W. Becker, H. Lesch, & J. Trümper, 263 [Google Scholar]
  104. Zavlin, V. E., Pavlov, G. G., & Shibanov, Y. A. 1996, A&A, 315, 141 [NASA ADS] [Google Scholar]

Current usage metrics show cumulative count of Article Views (full-text article views including HTML views, PDF and ePub downloads, according to the available data) and Abstracts Views on Vision4Press platform.

Data correspond to usage on the plateform after 2015. The current usage metrics is available 48-96 hours after online publication and is updated daily on week days.

Initial download of the metrics may take a while.