Offsets in metallicity between observations and the predictions of the local FMR with α = 0.66 (Andrews & Martini 2013). The orange and blue shadows represent the predictions in TNG and EAGLE simulation (Garcia et al. 2025). The offsets reported by Curti et al. (2024), Heintz et al. (2023) used a different FMR formalism, and we recalculated the offsets using Andrews & Martini (2013) formalism. For Nakajima et al. (2023), Sarkar et al. (2025), we added a constant offset of −0.2 dex to their FMR offsets to account for the systematic offset in metallicity calibrations used in their studies.