Fits to stellar mass-BH mass data as functions of seed BH mass m_seed and minimal halo mass, M_seed, where the seeds are inserted at z_seed = 20 with p_BH = 1 in solid and p_BH = 0.1 in dashed. The contours indicate the 68%, 95%, and 99% credible regions. Upper left: High-z quasar data compiled by Izumi et al. (2021). Upper right: High-z observations with JWST (Übler et al. 2023; Larson et al. 2023; Harikane et al. 2023a; Bogdan et al. 2024; Ding et al. 2023; Maiolino et al. 2024; Yue et al. 2024). Lower left: Low-z AGNs as compiled by Reines & Volonteri (2015). Lower right: Low-z IGs from Reines & Volonteri (2015).