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Fig. 1.

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Core of MACS 0416 from JWST data. North is up, east is left. We show the location of the cluster-scale DM clumps inferred in different studies by ellipses whose semi-axes are equal to the 3σ error bars on the position of these clumps: in yellow for Bergamini et al. (2021), in cyan for Bergamini et al. (2023), and in red for Rihtaršič et al. (2025). Green boxes represent the prior on the position of each cluster-scale DM clumps proposed by Limousin et al. (2022) and investigated in this work. In magenta, we show the location of the two galaxy-scale light-unaffiliated mass clumps inferred by Perera et al. (2025b). In white, we show the 303 secure multiple images reported by Rihtaršič et al. (2025).

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