Identifying compact symmetric objects with high-precision VLBI and Gaia astrometry

Open Access

Table 1.

Diagnostics applied to CSO and CSOc classes.

Name	Cl.	Gaia+VLBI^a	M.+S.^b	V_2.3^c	v_HS^d
(1)	(2)	(3)	(4)	(5)	(6)
J0048+3157	CSO	×	✓	/	/
J0741+2706	CSO	✓	✓	/	/
J0832+1832	CSO	✓	✓	0.044 (✓)	✓
J1110+4817	CSO	✓	✓	0.042 (✓)	✓^e
J1111+1955	CSO	✓	✓	0.036 (✓)	✓
J1158+2450	CSO	✓	✓	0.046 (✓)	✓
J1234+4753	CSO	✓	✓	0.036 (✓)	✓
J1244+4048	CSO	✓	✓	0.024 (✓)	✓^e
J1247+6723	CSO	×	✓	0.032 (✓)	✓
J1256+5652	CSO	✓	✓	0.062 (✓)	/
J1310+3403	CSO	✓	✓	/	/
J1326+3154	CSO	✓	✓	/	/
J1358+4737	CSO	✓	✓	0.002 (✓)	✓
J1407+2827	CSO	×	✓	0.179 (✓)	✓
J1511+0518	CSO	×	✓	0.077 (✓)	✓
J1602+2418	CSO	✓	✓	0.085 (✓)	×^e
J1755+6236	CSO	✓	✓	/	/
J1815+6127	CSO	✓	✓	0.093 (✓)	/^e
J1945+7055	CSO	×	✓	0.109 (✓)	✓
J2355+4950	CSO	✓	✓	/	/

J0119+3210	CSOc	×	✓	/	✓
J0650+6001	CSOc	×	✓	/	✓
J0831+4608	CSOc	×	✓	/	/
J0906+4636	CSOc	×	✓	/	/
J0943+1702	CSOc	✓	✓	/	×
J1148+5924	CSOc	×	✓	/	/
J1254+1856	CSOc	×	✓	/	/
J1309+4047	CSOc	×	✓	/	/
J1559+5924	CSOc	×	✓	/	/
J1823+7938	CSOc	×	✓	/	✓

Notes. Columns (1)–(2) are source name, classification, and columns; (3)–(6) are diagnostics.

^(a)

✓ = Gaia centroid near the midpoint between two lobes; × = “large optical–radio offset”.

^(b)

✓ is applied when a two-sided, edge-brightened structure with steep-spectrum lobes and flat or inverted core is established in VLBI maps.

^(c)

Whole-source variability V_2.3 = (S_max − S_min)/(S_max + S_min) at 2.3 GHz using matched (u, v) coverage; “✓” if V_2.3 < 0.20.

^(d)

“✓” if hotspot separation speed is v_HS < 1.0 c; “×” if v_HS ≥ 1.0 c; “/” if not measured.

^(e)

Values are limits or pattern-/orientation-affected; see kinematics discussion in Section 4.

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