Fig. 13.

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Growth rate, fσ8, as a function of redshift, z. The blue curve represents the theoretical prediction derived under the assumption of GR (γ = 0.55) and a ΛCDM cosmology calibrated using Planck Collaboration VI (2020). The filled green circle denotes the measurement obtained in this study. The filled orange square corresponds to the result from Lai et al. (2025, using MLE), based on the same dataset, while the filled blue pentagon reflects the measurement from Turner et al. (2025, using correlation functions), also utilizing identical data. The filled red diamond corresponds to the consensus result of these three measurements. Additional observational constraints are illustrated by purple circles (using power spectrum), purple squares (using MLE), a purple cross (using reconstruction), and purple pentagons (using correlation functions), representing measurements from other surveys. The light blue pentagrams corresponds to the results from DESI DR1. The dashed orange curve indicates the model fits to all the data points, with the shaded orange region depicting the associated uncertainties.
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